Dissolved Metals
Copper and zinc that exceed NPDES discharge limits and resist hydroxide precipitation where chelating agents are present.
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Municipal & Utilities
Meet discharge limits, cut disinfection by-products, and protect plant equipment — with chemistry proven at full scale.
94%Dissolved copper removed in a year-long full-scale trial
~70%Dissolved zinc removed in the same program
<1.4 ppbEffluent copper — below the 3.1 ppb discharge limit
>$20MMOzone-system replacement avoided through enhancement
Challenges We Solve
The pressures on a modern utility.
Disinfection By-Products
THMs and other regulated DBPs that form when conventional disinfectants react with natural organic matter.
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Potable Clarification
Turbidity and suspended solids in drinking-water treatment that demand fast, reliable coagulation and settling.
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Digester & Dewatering Scale
Struvite and vivianite scale that fouls digesters, pumps, pipes, and dewatering equipment and drives up maintenance downtime.
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Programs matched to utility problems.
Metal Removal
Our metal-removal program feeds JC 9830 at about 10 mg/L into the aeration-basin discharge to form dense copper-sulfide precipitate, then JC 1687 at about 10 mg/L at the secondary-clarifier inlet to settle it. Sulfides precipitate over a broad pH range and dewater easily — and work where chelating agents block hydroxide precipitation. The program also converts hexavalent chrome to trivalent chrome.
Coagulation & Flocculation
For potable and process water, coagulation and flocculation with cationic coagulant JC 1687 neutralizes particle charge and binds solids into dense, fast-settling floc — improving clarity and the settling of precipitates.
Ozone-Class Oxidation
Where you need advanced oxidation, mineral oxychloride chemistry (JC 9450, NSF/ANSI 60 certified, and JC 9465) delivers a 2.8–2.9 V oxidation potential — above ozone — at less than 1% of the cost of an ozone system, and can enhance an existing ozone process to lower bromate, TOC, and regulated by-products.
Struvite & Vivianite Control
Our struvite and vivianite control program prevents the magnesium-ammonium-phosphate and iron-phosphate scale that fouls anaerobic digestion and dewatering — protecting equipment and cutting maintenance downtime.
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Dosing you can measure
Where mineral oxychloride is used, feed rate is held to a target oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in millivolts, giving operators a real-time control point that ties dosing directly to disinfection performance.
Proven Results
A full-scale, year-long metal-removal trial.
In a full-scale, one-year trial at a Sierra-foothills plant in Northern California, influent dissolved copper ran 28–70+ ppb and the plant was exceeding its 3.1 ppb discharge limit. The JC 9830 + JC 1687 program removed 94% of dissolved copper and roughly 70% of dissolved zinc, bringing effluent copper below the limit.
| Sample date | Influent Cu (ppb) | Effluent Cu (ppb) | Cu removal | Zn removal |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mar 11 | 35 | 2.0 | 94.3% | 68.9% |
| Mar 15 | 28 | 1.6 | 94.3% | 79.8% |
| Mar 30 | 58 | 1.4 | 97.6% | 76.0% |
| Aug 16 | 46 | 3.8 | 91.7% | 56.3% |
Approved & validated
EPA FIFRARegistered
USDA OrganicCertified
NSF/ANSIStandard 60
Validated by Goleta Water District (JC 9450 THM-reduction pilot) · full-scale municipal metal-removal trial, Northern California
Frequently Asked Questions
Municipal program questions.
Can Jenfitch help us meet a copper or zinc discharge limit?
Yes. In a full-scale, year-long municipal trial, a JC 9830 and JC 1687 program removed 94% of dissolved copper and about 70% of dissolved zinc, bringing effluent copper below the 3.1 ppb discharge limit — even where chelating agents blocked conventional hydroxide precipitation.
Why sulfide precipitation instead of hydroxide?
Metal hydroxide is amphoteric — soluble at both low and high pH — and produces excessive, hard-to-dewater sludge. Copper sulfide precipitates over a broad pH range, forms a dense, easy-to-dewater sludge, and has lower solubility, giving higher removal even where chelating agents would block hydroxide precipitation.
Is the chemistry certified for drinking water?
JC 9450 is certified to NSF/ANSI Standard 60 with a maximum certified dose of 84 mg/L, and JC 9465 is USEPA water approved and EPA FIFRA registered.
Can we enhance an existing ozone system instead of replacing it?
Yes. Mineral oxychloride chemistry can enhance an ozone process to lower bromate, TOC, and regulated by-products — and in one case helped avoid a replacement project valued at more than $20MM.
How do you address digester scale?
Our struvite and vivianite control program prevents the phosphate-based scale that fouls digesters, pumps, pipes, and dewatering equipment, protecting equipment and cutting maintenance downtime.