ORP Chart for Different Processes

Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), measured in millivolts, is a practical control point for dosing. These are typical target ranges Jenfitch uses across treatment processes.

Approved, certified & independently validated

UC DavisUniversity of WashingtonSpecial Pathogen LaboratoryMontana State UniversitySawtooth Ag ResearchGreenAgri SolutionsSouthern California EdisonGoleta Water District

What is ORP?

Why we control by millivolts, not just ppm.

Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) is a direct measurement, in millivolts, of a solution's oxidizing power — its actual ability to inactivate organisms and break down contaminants. That is the number that matters. Disinfection efficacy tracks ORP, not simply the concentration of chemical added: the same free-chlorine dose can be far more or far less effective depending on pH, because pH shifts how much of the chlorine exists as the active, high-ORP species.

Dosing to a target ORP therefore closes the loop between chemical fed and disinfection actually achieved. Higher ORP means fewer surviving organisms. For a disinfection barrier, Jenfitch targets +650 to +750 mV; at +700 mV, JC 9465 delivers a 6-log kill in under 10 seconds.

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ppm can mislead; ORP does not

Because free-chlorine kill efficacy is pH-dependent, a fixed ppm setpoint can leave a system under- or over-treated as pH drifts. An ORP setpoint measures the result directly and holds it steady.

Reference Ranges

Target ORP by process (mV).

Wastewater Odor & Sulfide ControlSulfide / odor suppression
200–400
Cooling TowersBiofilm & MIC control
400–500
RO Pre / Post-TreatmentBiofouling prevention
500–650
Biofilm Destruction (EPS)Oxidize protective biofilm
600–800
Drinking Water DisinfectionPathogen inactivation
650–750
In-Field / Post-Harvest DisinfectionFood-safety barrier
650–750
02505007501000 mV

Ranges are typical reference targets and should be confirmed for your specific water chemistry and application.

Benchmark

ORP vs. surviving organisms.

ORP-to-CFU benchmark. As ORP rises, surviving microbial counts fall to zero.
ORP (mV)Surviving CFU / 100 mLStatus
+200300Poor control
+30036Partial
+4003Improving
+6000Disinfection
+70006-log kill in <10 sec
+8000Sterilization
Process targets: a disinfection barrier holds +650 to +750 mV; +700 mV delivers a 6-log reduction in under 10 seconds. Confirm targets for your specific water chemistry.

Questions

Common questions — ORP

Why control by ORP instead of ppm?

ORP measures oxidizing power directly — the actual disinfection result. Free-chlorine efficacy is pH-dependent, so a fixed ppm dose can leave a system over- or under-treated as pH drifts. An ORP setpoint holds the result steady.

What ORP do I need for disinfection?

A disinfection barrier is typically +650 to +750 mV. At +700 mV, JC 9465 achieves a 6-log kill in under 10 seconds; +600 mV corresponds to zero surviving CFU in the benchmark, and +800 mV to sterilization.

How does pH fit in?

pH governs the balance between active and inactive chlorine species, so it directly affects ORP at a given ppm. The Free Chlorine vs ORP/mV vs pH chart below shows this relationship — and is why measuring ORP is more reliable than measuring dose alone.

Charts & Documents

Download the full technical charts.

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